Born: 995 AD
Died: 29-Jul-1030
Location of death: Stiklestad, Norway
Cause of death: unspecified
Remains: Buried, Nidaros Cathedral, Trondheim, Norway

Gender: Male
Religion: Roman Catholic
Race or Ethnicity: White
Occupation: Royalty

Nationality: Norway
Executive summary: King of Norway, 1016-29

Olaf II Haraldssön II (sometimes Olav), King of Norway from 1016-29, called during his lifetime "the Fat" or "the Stout", and afterwards known as St. Olaf, was born in 995, the year in which Olaf Tryggvessön came to Norway. He is the great-grandson of Harald I. After some years' absence in England, fighting the Danes, Olaf returned to Norway in 1015 and declared himself king, obtaining the support of the five petty kings of the Uplands. In 1016 he defeated Earl Sveyn, hitherto the virtual ruler of Norway, at the battle of Nesje, and within a few years had won more power than had been enjoyed by any of his predecessors on the throne. He had annihilated the petty kings of the South, had crushed the aristocracy, enforced the acceptance of Christianity throughout the kingdom, asserted his suzerainty in the Orkney Islands, had humbled the king of Sweden and married his daughter in his despite, and had conducted a successful raid on Denmark. But his success was short-lived, for in 1029 the Norwegian nobles, seething with discontent, rallied around the invading Knut the Great, and Olaf had to flee to Russia. On his return a year later he fell at the battle of Stiklestad, where his own subjects were arrayed against him. The succeeding years of disunion and misrule under the Danes explain the belated affection with which his countrymen came to regard him. The cunning and cruelty which marred his character were forgotten, and his services to his church and country remembered. Miracles were worked at his tomb, and in 1164 he was canonized and was declared the patron saint of Norway, afterwards his fame spreading throughout Scandinavia and even to England, where churches are dedicated to him. The Norwegian order of knighthood of St. Olaf was founded in 1847 by Oscar I, King of Sweden and Norway, in memory of this king.

Father: Harald Grenske

    King of Norway (1016 to 1029)
    Canonization 1164

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