| William Thornton Born: 20-May-1759
Birthplace: Jost Van Dyke, West Indies
Died: 28-Mar-1828
Location of death: Washington, DC
Cause of death: unspecified
Remains: Buried, Congressional Cemetery, Washington, DC
Gender: Male
Religion: Quaker
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation: Architect Nationality: United States
Executive summary: First architect of the US Capitol William Thornton was trained as a physician, but practiced medicine only briefly, instead earning his living as a self-taught architect. He won a public competition with his design for the United States capitol building, for which he was awarded $500 and a small plot of land in Washington, DC. His winning design, selected by President George Washington, was deemed impractical and altered significantly during construction, but remains recognizable in his blueprints. As an architect, his other buildings of note included Octagon House, which for many years served as headquarters of the American Institute of Architects, and is now its museum.
He served eight years on the Federal District Commission, charged with overseeing the new city's layout and construction, and as the first phase of the District of Colombia reached completion he was appointed the first Superintendent of the US Patent Office. In this position, he had most of the Patent Office's papers secreted to his own estate to save them from advancing British troops in the siege of 1814, and then, as much of Washington was burned, he successfully pleaded with British officers to spare the Patent Office's large collection of modeled inventions. James Madison was Thornton's next-door neighbor in DC until he became President in 1809.
Father: William Thornton
Mother: Dorcas Zeagers Thornton
Wife: Anna Maria Brodeau Thornton (b. 1775, m. 1790, d. 1865, no children)
Medical School: University of Edinburgh (attended, 1781-84)
Medical School: MD, University of Aberdeen (1784)
US Official Superintendent of the United States Patent Office (1802-28)
US Official Federal District Commissioner (1794-1802)
American Philosophical Society
Slaveowners
Naturalized US Citizen 7-Jan-1788
English Ancestry
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