"The Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards honors scientists whose fundamental investigations have provided techniques, information, or concepts contributing to the elimination of major causes of disability and death." Named for Albert Lasker.
| Name | Occupation | Birth | Death | Known for |
|---|
| Oswald Avery |
Biologist |
21-Oct-1877 |
20-Feb-1955 |
Antibodies and DNA |
| George Beadle |
Scientist |
22-Oct-1903 |
9-Jun-1989 |
One gene, one enzyme theory |
| Paul Berg |
Chemist |
30-Jun-1926 |
|
Pioneer in recombinant DNA |
| Sune K. Bergström |
Scientist |
10-Jan-1916 |
15-Aug-2004 |
Prostaglandins |
| J. Michael Bishop |
Scientist |
22-Feb-1936 |
|
Genetic causes of cancer |
| James W. Black |
Scientist |
14-Jun-1924 |
22-Mar-2010 |
Propranolol and cimetidine |
| Elizabeth H. Blackburn |
Scientist |
26-Nov-1948 |
|
Co-Discoverer of telomerase |
| Alfred Blalock |
Doctor |
5-Apr-1899 |
15-Sep-1964 |
"Blue baby" operation |
| Günter Blobel |
Scientist |
21-May-1936 |
|
Protein signaling in cells |
| Herbert W. Boyer |
Biologist |
10-Jul-1936 |
|
Recombinant DNA, first synthetic insulin |
| Sydney Brenner |
Scientist |
13-Jan-1927 |
|
Genetic regulation of organ development |
| Michael S. Brown |
Biologist |
13-Apr-1941 |
|
Metabolism of cholesterol |
| Frank Macfarlane Burnet |
Scientist |
3-Sep-1899 |
31-Aug-1985 |
Acquired immunological tolerance |
| Mario Capecchi |
Scientist |
6-Oct-1937 |
|
Knock-out mice |
| Thomas R. Cech |
Chemist |
8-Dec-1947 |
|
Proved enzyme role of RNA |
| Brock Chisholm |
Doctor |
18-May-1896 |
4-Feb-1971 |
First Director-General of World Health Organization |
| Aaron Ciechanover |
Scientist |
1-Oct-1947 |
|
Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation |
| Stanley Cohen |
Scientist |
17-Nov-1922 |
|
Nerve and skin cell growth factors |
| Stanley N. Cohen |
Biologist |
17-Feb-1935 |
|
Recombinant DNA |
| Carl Cori |
Scientist |
5-Dec-1896 |
20-Oct-1984 |
Catalytic conversion of glycogen |
| André F. Cournand |
Scientist |
24-Sep-1895 |
19-Feb-1988 |
Cardiac catheterization |
| Francis Crick |
Scientist |
8-Jun-1916 |
28-Jul-2004 |
Co-Discoverer of the structure of DNA |
| Michael DeBakey |
Doctor |
7-Sep-1908 |
11-Jul-2008 |
Father of cardiovascular surgery |
| Peter C. Doherty |
Scientist |
15-Oct-1940 |
|
T-cells and antigens |
| Renato Dulbecco |
Scientist |
22-Feb-1914 |
20-Feb-2012 |
Tumor viruses and host genetics |
| Robert G. Edwards |
Scientist |
27-Sep-1925 |
|
In vitro fertilization |
| John F. Enders |
Scientist |
10-Feb-1897 |
8-Sep-1985 |
Cultured the polio virus |
| Martin Evans |
Scientist |
1-Jan-1941 |
|
Embryonic stem cells |
| Robert F. Furchgott |
Scientist |
4-Jun-1916 |
19-May-2009 |
Nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signal |
| Robert C. Gallo |
Doctor |
23-Mar-1937 |
|
Identified first retroviruses in humans |
| John H. Gibbon, Jr. |
Doctor |
29-Sep-1903 |
5-Feb-1973 |
Open-heart surgery |
| Alfred G. Gilman |
Scientist |
1-Jul-1941 |
|
G-protein cell signal transmission |
| Joseph L. Goldstein |
Scientist |
18-Apr-1940 |
|
Hypercholesterolemia and cell metabolism |
| Carol W. Greider |
Scientist |
15-Apr-1961 |
|
Co-Discoverer of telomerase |
| Roger Guillemin |
Scientist |
11-Jan-1924 |
|
Hypothalamic hormones (brain peptides) |
| Leland H. Hartwell |
Scientist |
30-Oct-1939 |
|
Regulators of cell cycle |
| Mark Hatfield |
Politician |
12-Jul-1922 |
7-Aug-2011 |
US Senator from Oregon, 1967-97 |
| Henry Heimlich |
Doctor |
3-Feb-1920 |
|
Heimlich maneuver |
| Philip S. Hench |
Scientist |
28-Feb-1896 |
30-Mar-1965 |
Adrenocortical hormones |
| Alfred D. Hershey |
Scientist |
4-Dec-1908 |
22-May-1997 |
Molecular structure of viral genes |
| Avram Hershko |
Scientist |
31-Dec-1937 |
|
Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation |
| James Hillier |
Physicist |
22-Aug-1915 |
15-Jan-2007 |
Electron microscope |
| Robert W. Holley |
Scientist |
28-Jan-1922 |
11-Feb-1993 |
RNA's role in protein synthesis |
| Leroy Hood |
Biologist |
10-Oct-1938 |
|
Systems biology and Human Genome Project |
| Godfrey N. Hounsfield |
Engineer |
28-Aug-1919 |
12-Aug-2004 |
Computerized axial tomography (CAT scans) |
| Charles B. Huggins |
Scientist |
22-Sep-1901 |
12-Jan-1997 |
Hormonal treatment of prostate and breast cancers |
| Lyndon B. Johnson |
Head of State |
27-Aug-1908 |
22-Jan-1973 |
36th US President, 1963-69 |
| Eric R. Kandel |
Scientist |
7-Nov-1929 |
|
Signal transduction in the nervous system |
| Edward C. Kendall |
Scientist |
8-Sep-1886 |
4-May-1972 |
Adrenocortical hormones |
| H. Gobind Khorana |
Scientist |
9-Jan-1922 |
9-Nov-2011 |
RNA's role in protein synthesis |
| Georges J.F. Köhler |
Scientist |
17-Apr-1946 |
1-Mar-1995 |
Hybridoma technique (monoclonal antibodies) |
| Willem Johan Kolff |
Scientist |
14-Feb-1911 |
11-Feb-2009 |
Artificial kidney, artificial heart |
| Edwin G. Krebs |
Scientist |
6-Jun-1918 |
21-Dec-2009 |
Protein phosphorylation |
| Melvin Laird |
Government |
1-Sep-1922 |
|
US Secretary of Defense, 1969-73 |
| Ann Landers |
Columnist |
4-Jul-1918 |
22-Jun-2002 |
Syndicated advice columnist |
| Paul C. Lauterbur |
Scientist |
6-May-1929 |
27-Mar-2007 |
Magnetic resonance imaging |
| Philip Leder |
Biologist |
19-Nov-1934 |
|
Harvard Geneticist |
| Edward B. Lewis |
Scientist |
20-May-1918 |
21-Jul-2004 |
Drosophila researcher, Nobel laureate |
| Roderick MacKinnon |
Biologist |
19-Feb-1956 |
|
Ion channels of cell membranes |
| Barry J. Marshall |
Doctor |
30-Sep-1951 |
|
H. pylori bacteria causes ulcers |
| Barbara McClintock |
Scientist |
16-Jun-1902 |
2-Sep-1992 |
Discovered transposable genes |
| Victor A. McKusick |
Scientist |
21-Oct-1921 |
22-Jul-2008 |
Father of medical genetics |
| Bruce Merrifield |
Chemist |
15-Jul-1921 |
14-May-2006 |
Synthesized polypeptides |
| César Milstein |
Scientist |
8-Oct-1927 |
24-Mar-2002 |
Hybridoma technique (monoclonal antibodies) |
| Luc Montagnier |
Scientist |
18-Aug-1932 |
|
Co-Discoverer of HIV |
| Ferid Murad |
Scientist |
14-Sep-1936 |
|
Nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signal |
| Marshall W. Nirenberg |
Scientist |
10-Apr-1927 |
15-Jan-2010 |
RNA's role in protein synthesis |
| Paul Nurse |
Scientist |
25-Jan-1949 |
|
Regulators of cell cycle |
| Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard |
Scientist |
20-Oct-1942 |
|
Embryonic development of fruit flies |
| Tip O'Neill |
Politician |
9-Dec-1912 |
5-Jan-1994 |
Speaker of the House, 1977-87 |
| George E. Palade |
Scientist |
19-Nov-1912 |
7-Oct-2008 |
Microstructure of the cell |
| George Papanicolaou |
Scientist |
13-May-1883 |
19-Feb-1962 |
Pap smear |
| Claude Pepper |
Politician |
8-Sep-1900 |
30-May-1989 |
Congressman from Florida, 1963-89 |
| Gregory Pincus |
Scientist |
9-Apr-1903 |
22-Aug-1967 |
Inventor of oral contraceptives |
| Stanley B. Prusiner |
Scientist |
28-May-1942 |
|
Prions |
| Christopher Reeve |
Actor |
25-Sep-1952 |
10-Oct-2004 |
Superman |
| Elliot Richardson |
Government |
20-Jul-1920 |
31-Dec-1999 |
Refused to fire Watergate Special Prosecutor |
| Ernst Ruska |
Physicist |
25-Dec-1906 |
27-May-1988 |
Inventor of the electron microscope |
| Albert Sabin |
Biologist |
26-Aug-1906 |
3-Mar-1993 |
Developed oral polio vaccine |
| Bengt I. Samuelsson |
Scientist |
21-May-1934 |
|
Prostaglandins |
| Frederick Sanger |
Chemist |
13-Aug-1918 |
|
Two-time Nobel laureate in chemistry |
| Andrew V. Schally |
Scientist |
30-Nov-1926 |
|
Hypothalamic hormones (brain peptides) |
| Phillip A. Sharp |
Biologist |
6-Jun-1944 |
|
Eukaryotic (split) genes |
| Eunice Kennedy Shriver |
Relative |
10-Jul-1921 |
11-Aug-2009 |
Founder of the Special Olympics |
| Oliver Smithies |
Scientist |
23-Jun-1925 |
|
Knock-out mice |
| Alfred Sommer |
Doctor |
1942 |
|
SPH Dean at Johns Hopkins, 1990-2005 |
| Roger W. Sperry |
Scientist |
20-Aug-1913 |
17-Apr-1994 |
"Split brain" hemispheric neurophysiology |
| Jules Stein |
Business |
26-Apr-1896 |
29-Apr-1981 |
Founder of MCA |
| Ralph M. Steinman |
Biologist |
14-Jan-1943 |
30-Sep-2011 |
Dendritic cells |
| Earl W. Sutherland, Jr. |
Scientist |
19-Nov-1915 |
9-Mar-1974 |
Hormones mechanisms (cyclic AMP) |
| Albert Szent-Györgyi |
Scientist |
16-Sep-1893 |
22-Oct-1986 |
Vitamins C and B2 |
| Jack W. Szostak |
Scientist |
9-Nov-1952 |
|
First artificial chromosome |
| Helen B. Taussig |
Doctor |
24-May-1898 |
20-May-1986 |
Mother of pediatric cardiology |
| Howard M. Temin |
Scientist |
10-Dec-1934 |
9-Feb-1994 |
Tumor viruses and host genetics |
| Max Theiler |
Scientist |
30-Jan-1899 |
11-Aug-1972 |
Yellow fever vaccination |
| Susumu Tonegawa |
Scientist |
6-Sep-1939 |
|
Antibody production and diversity |
| John R. Vane |
Scientist |
29-Mar-1927 |
19-Nov-2004 |
Prostaglandins |
| Harold E. Varmus |
Scientist |
18-Dec-1939 |
|
Genetic causes of cancer |
| Vincent du Vigneaud |
Chemist |
18-May-1901 |
11-Dec-1978 |
Synthesized vasopressin and oxytocin |
| George Wald |
Biologist |
18-Nov-1906 |
12-Apr-1997 |
Physiology of the retina |
| James Watson |
Scientist |
6-Apr-1928 |
|
Co-Discoverer of DNA |
| Rosalyn Sussman Yalow |
Physicist |
19-Jul-1921 |
30-May-2011 |
Developed radioimmunoassay technique |
| Rolf M. Zinkernagel |
Scientist |
6-Jan-1944 |
|
T-cells and antigens |
